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LeMat Second Model Percussion Revolver
The "grapeshot" LeMat was a versatile handgun that was capable of firing shot loads or regular projectiles. Although produced in Paris, Belgium, and London, these pistols were invented by Dr. Francois Alexandre LeMat of New Orleans, Louisiana. About 1,500 were imported by the Confederacy, and they were used by such notables as General J.E.B. Stuart, famed Army of Northern Virginia cavalry commander, and by General Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard, Confederate hero of Fort Sumter, former business partner of Dr. LeMat, and a cousin to LeMat's wife, Justin Sophie LePretre. SN 2162
One of the most colorful - certainly the most unusual - of
Confederate arms is the Le Mat revolver, produced in France under
contract for the Confederacy. They were smuggled into the South by
blockade-running ships. Few arms carried a more lethal potential
than did this 9-shot revolver, with its extra shotgun barrel. On
Oct. 21, 1856, Dr. Jean Alexandre Francois Le Mat, a physician of
French extraction living in New Orleans, secured U. S. patent
#15925. Reduced to a few words, his application provided for "A
revolver having an upper and an under barrel, the lower one going
back to the recoil shield and serving as an axle upon which the
cylinder revolves. The chambers of the cylinder fire through the
top barrel. The nose of the hammer being adjustable, the one hammer
fires both bullets of the chambers through the top barrel and also
the charge of shot or buckshot from the lower gun
barrel."
Dr. Le Mat, with Col P.G.T. Beauregard as partner, endeavored to
get the "Grapeshot Revolver" (a name given to it at the time)
adopted by the U. S. Army. Gen Sterling Price appointed a Board of
Officers, and in 1859 the Le Mat revolver was highly recommended,
but it was never adopted. Beauregard sold his interest in the C.
Girard, and when the South seceded he resigned from U. S. Army and
became a general in the Confederate Army. It was he who led the
firing on Fort Sumpter on Apr. 12, 1861.
After the outbreak of hostilities, Le Mat, concerned with
questionable wartime production in this country and with a signed
contract in his pocket, went to France aboard the English mail ship
Trent. He narrowly escaped capture when the vessel was stopped and
searched by officers of a Federal gun boat. Once in France Col. Le
Mat - he had been an honorary colonel on staff of the Governor of
Louisiana - lost no time in arranging with the firm of C. Girard
& Co. of Paris for the production of his unique revolver. His
first contract with the Confederacy called for 5,000 arms. The
actual production of his percussion arms, however, is believed to
have been slightly more than half that number.